What is Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)?

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a type of high blood sugar that develops during pregnancy in women who did not previously have diabetes. Placental hormones can block the action of insulin in the mother's body, causing glucose levels to rise.

With timely diagnosis and structured management, most mothers with GDM deliver healthy babies without complications.

Screening & Diagnosis: The OGTT Test

Gynecology guidelines recommend routine GDM screening for all expectant mothers between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy using an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT).

• High-Risk Factors: Family history of diabetes, maternal age over 30, pre-pregnancy overweight, or a history of PCOS.

Symptoms to Watch Out For

Gestational diabetes often presents with mild or no obvious symptoms, which is why routine screening is essential. However, keep an eye out for:

• Excessive thirst despite adequate fluid intake.
• Unusually frequent urination.
• Persistent fatigue not relieved by rest.
• Recurrent vaginal thrush or urinary tract infections.

Managing Gestational Diabetes Through Diet & Lifestyle

1. Focus on Complex Carbohydrates

Replace refined carbs (white rice, maida, white bread) with low-GI complex carbs such as brown rice, oats, ragi, bajra, and whole wheat.

2. Portion Control & Frequent Meals

Distribute carbohydrate intake evenly across 3 main meals and 2 to 3 light snacks to avoid blood sugar spikes.

3. Protein & Fiber Pairing

Always pair carbohydrates with lean proteins (paneer, lentils, eggs, chicken) and high-fiber vegetables (spinach, cucumber, green beans) to slow glucose absorption.

4. Daily Light Activity

A gentle 15-minute walk after lunch and dinner helps your muscles utilize excess blood glucose efficiently.

Medical Supervision & Insulin

If dietary adjustments are insufficient to maintain target blood sugar ranges, safe insulin therapy may be prescribed by your doctor. Insulin does not cross the placenta and is completely safe for your baby.

Regular fetal growth scans at Mithila Women's Hospital ensure your baby's growth remains perfectly on track.